Why visit Vesuvius National Park?

Experience the thrill of Mount Vesuvius: Imagine standing at the edge of the crater of one of the world's most famous active volcanoes. From this vantage point, you can peer into the depths of Vesuvius itself and enjoy sweeping views of the Campania region and even catch a glimpse of Lazio.
Experience the beauty of volcanic landscape: Vesuvius National Park is a land of contrasts and wonders, where mineral-rich volcanic soil nurtures a vibrant array of plant life amidst dramatic, rugged terrain. The park's trails wind through a unique landscape, offering everything from dense forests to open meadows blanketed with colorful wildflowers like the striking red valerian. Whether you're hiking through ancient lava flows or taking a leisurely stroll along the lush countryside, you’ll experience a natural beauty that’s as diverse as it is captivating.
Encounter rare wildlife: Wildlife lovers, rejoice! You'll spot rare butterflies fluttering around colorful wildflowers and maybe even catch a glimpse of majestic birds like buzzards and falcons soaring overhead. The park’s diverse habitats provide refuge for many species, making it a vibrant and dynamic ecosystem.
Indulge in local flavors: Let's talk about food! The volcanic soil in this area nurtures some of the most delicious produce available. Savor the taste of the sweet Vesuvius apricots, sip the famous Lacryma Christi wine made from local grapes, or indulge in other delicacies that capture the essence of this rich land.

Plan your visit to Mount Vesuvius

Plan your visit to Vesuvius National Park

To access Vesuvius National Park, head to the main entrance located at the parking area near the Vesuvio Observatory, where hiking to the crater begins.
Most tours cover the entrance fees to Mount Vesuvius National Park, but meals, drinks, and personal expenses are usually excluded unless stated otherwise. Some tours provide options for wine tastings or dining at local restaurants.
Tickets can be purchased at the entrance or in advance. It is better to purchase online since at the top of Vesuvius, network is scarce.

Vesuvius National Park is open daily, with general hours from 9am to 3pm.

Crater access: 9am to 3pm (Jan, Feb, Nov, Dec), 9am to 4pm (Mar, Oct), 9am to 5pm (Apr, May, Jun, Sept), 9am to 6pm (Jul, Aug)

Museum timings

Ruins of Herculaneum, Antiquarium of Herculaneum, MAV:

From 1 March to 31 May: 9am to 5:30pm (Monday - Sunday)
From 1 June to 31 September: 10am to 6:30 (Monday - Sunday)
From 1 October to 28 February:10am to 6pm (Monday closed)

Antiquarium of Boscoreale

From 1 November to 31 March: 8:30am to 6:30pm (Monday - Sunday)
From 1 April to 31 October: 8:30am to 5:30pm (Monday - Sunday)

Detailed Vesuvius opening hours

The best time to visit is in spring (March to May) or early autumn (September to October), when the weather is mild, and the crowds are fewer compared to the peak summer months.

Weekdays generally offer a quieter experience compared to weekends, especially during the high summer season. Winter can also be a good option for avoiding crowds, though weather conditions can be colder and wetter.

Best time for wildflowers: Late March to May during spring bloom.
Best time for hikes: April to June and September to October for mild weather.
Best time to spot birds/animals: Early morning and late afternoon from April to October.

Address: Sentiero del Gran Cono, 80056 Ercolano NA, Italy

Find on maps

Naples is just 34-minute away (22.7 km) from Vesuvius National Park, making it easily accessible for visitors to explore both the city and the volcanic landscape.

Getting there

From Naples: Take bus 5000 to Pompei Scavi, then transfer to bus 808 to Ercolano - Vesuvio CL.

From Rome: Take a bus to Naples, then bus 5000 to Pompei Scavi, and bus 808 to Ercolano - Vesuvio CL. Or take a train to Naples, walk to Piazza Garibaldi, take the L4 train to Torre del Greco, then bus 808 to Ercolano - Vesuvio CL.

Detailed directions to Vesuvius

Please note that not all hiking trails in Vesuvius National Park are wheelchair accessible.
Path 11, though it doesn’t reach the crater, is set within a pine forest and surrounded by Mediterranean scrub. It was designed to accommodate the needs of visitors with mobility or visual impairments.

For assistance, contact the info point at +39 081 2395653.
The trail is well-maintained but can be slippery due to loose volcanic ash and gravel, so wear proper hiking shoes with good traction.
Ambulances and rescue vehicles are stationed on the left side of the square where the hike begins.
Access to the summit route on the northern and eastern sides of the volcanic cone is strictly prohibited without explicit authorization from the Park Authority.
Be sure to bring enough water, wear suitable footwear, and dress in layers.

Comfortable hiking shoes: Ensure you have sturdy, well-fitting hiking shoes with good traction to navigate the rocky and sometimes slippery trails.
Sunscreen: Protect your skin from UV rays by applying sunscreen, especially since many trails are exposed to the sun.
Water: Stay hydrated by bringing plenty of water, as hiking can be strenuous and dehydration is a risk.
Snacks: Pack some snacks to keep your energy up during your hike and to enjoy breaks along the trail.
Weather-appropriate clothing: Dress in layers suitable for the weather conditions, including a hat or rain jacket if needed, as temperatures and conditions can change rapidly.
Map or guidebook: Bring a map or guidebook of the park to help navigate the trails and learn about points of interest.
First aid kit: Carry a small first aid kit for minor injuries or emergencies while hiking.
Binoculars: If you're interested in birdwatching or observing wildlife, binoculars can enhance your experience.

Geological significance of Vesuvius National Park

Vesuvius National Park's landscape has been shaped by Mount Vesuvius' eruptions over thousands of years. The volcanic soil, enriched with minerals like potassium, phosphorus, and calcium, has created a fertile environment that supports a wide variety of plant and animal life. These nutrients, released from the volcanic rock, promote healthy plant growth, which in turn attracts diverse wildlife. Lava flows, craters, and ash layers have formed a rugged terrain, where nature has adapted to constant changes. This dynamic environment fosters a thriving ecosystem, making the park a fascinating place to see how volcanic forces and life evolve together.

All you need to know about Mount Vesuvius

Animal species to spot at Vesuvio National Park

Birds of prey

The skies above Vesuvius National Park are home to an impressive roster of birds of prey. Look up and you might spot majestic buzzards, agile sparrowhawks, swift kestrels, and even the powerful peregrine falcon, known for its aerial prowess. Common ravens also make their presence known with their distinctive calls echoing across the volcanic slopes.

Mammals

On the ground, the park's teeming with all sorts of mammals perfectly suited to its diverse habitats. Look out for sly foxes and quick martens prowling through the woods. You'll catch hares and wild rabbits dashing through the meadows, and those adorable dormice adding a bit of charm to the scene. Up above, graceful bats flit about, and every now and then, you might spot a sneaky weasel on the hunt.

Amphibians and reptiles

Two amphibian species, the edible frog and the European green toad, inhabit the area. The European green toad (Bufo viridis), is notable for its emerald-green spots and concentrated breeding during the early spring rains in ephemeral puddles. Alongside these amphibians, the park hosts eight species of reptiles, contributing to the unique biodiversity of the volcanic complex.

Hiking at Vesuvius National Park

Hiking in Vesuvius National Park offers diverse trails for all levels. Difficult routes like the Valley of Hell and Along the Cognoli wind through dense forests with stunning volcanic views. Moderate trails such as Tirone Reserve and Matrone Road feature vibrant flora and scenic vistas, while easier paths like Great Cono and River of Lava offer beautiful woodland walks. Each trail showcases the region’s volcanic origins and rich biodiversity, from ancient pinewoods to striking lava formations.

The Valley of Hell

Duration: 7 hours 30 min
Level: Difficult
This trail winds through a lush mix of forests before ascending to offer dramatic views and a challenging hike for experienced trekkers.

Along the Cognoli

Duration: 8 hours 30 min

Level: Difficult

The Along the Cognoli route starts with thick broom-filled valleys and ascends Cognoli di Levante's ridge.

The Mt Somma

Duration: 5 hours 30 min

Difficulty level: Difficult

The path ascends through mesophilous forests of black locusts and chestnuts, offering glimpses of the Gulf of Naples, Campania plain, and Vesuvius Reserve.

The Great Cono

Duration: 2 hours 30 min

Level: Easy

Admire views of Mount Somma's northern face, including Cognoli di Sant'Anastasia and Punta Nasone at 1,132 meters, opposite Ottaviano and Levante's Cognoli.

Hike to Mount Vesuvius

Historical buildings and villas

Vesuvius National Park isn’t just about natural wonders; it’s also home to several historical buildings and villas that offer a glimpse into the region’s rich cultural heritage. These structures, many of which date back centuries, are well-preserved examples of the architectural styles and historical significance of the area. Visitors can explore these buildings to learn more about the lives of those who lived in the shadow of Vesuvius. Here are some of the more popular ones.

The Golden Mile

This UNESCO site features 18th-century villas along the Gulf of Naples, built by the Bourbon court. Highlights include Villa Campolieto and Villa delle Ginestre, where poet Giacomo Leopardi lived.

Borgo Medievale del Casamale

The only medieval village within Vesuvius National Park, Casamale is known for its historic walls and churches, including the Collegiate Church with a gilded wooden ceiling and 18th-century organ.

Villa Regina

Famous for wine production, Villa Regina in Boscoreale had ancient grape presses and storage pots, revealing the importance of winemaking in Roman times.

Alagno Castle

Built in 1458 by Lucrezia d'Alagno, this castle near Casamale passed through several owners, including Prince De Curtis (Totò), and is now a museum and library.

Museums and archaeological sites

Vesuvius National Park is also a repository of history. The park's museums and archaeological areas provide valuable insights into the ancient civilizations that once thrived here and the cataclysmic eruption of AD 79 that forever changed the landscape. Exploring these sites allows visitors to connect with the past and gain a deeper appreciation for the enduring influence of Mount Vesuvius.

The Ruins of Herculaneum

Discovered in 1709 and listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Herculaneum was buried by the 79 AD eruption, preserving many organic materials. Notable is the Villa dei Papiri, where papyri of Greek texts were found during 1990s excavations.

Antiquarium of Herculaneum

This museum complements the Herculaneum ruins with artifacts and statues from Pompeii and Herculaneum, enhancing the visitor experience.

MAV - Virtual Archaeological Museum of Herculaneum

Located near the ancient city, the MAV offers an interactive journey back to before the 79 AD eruption, using multimedia and holograms to explore Pompeii, Herculaneum, and other sites.

Antiquarium of Boscoreale

This museum showcases archaeological finds from Pompeii, Herculaneum, and surrounding areas, reconstructing life and landscapes of the Vesuvius region in Roman times.

Frequently asked questions about Vesuvius National Park

How has the volcanic landscape influenced the evolution of wildlife at Vesuvius National Park?

The volcanic landscape of Vesuvius National Park has shaped the adaptation strategies of wildlife. Species have developed resilience to occasional volcanic activity, and some may benefit from unique niches created by volcanic features like lava flows and volcanic soils.

Can I club my visit to the park with visits to Herculaneum or Pompeii?

Yes, you can combine your visit to Vesuvius National Park with trips to nearby Herculaneum or Pompeii. Both ancient Roman cities, Herculaneum and Pompeii, are located in close proximity to Mount Vesuvius and the national park.

What are the conservation efforts specifically targeted towards protecting the animals at Vesuvius National Park?

Conservation efforts focus on habitat preservation, monitoring population trends, and raising awareness among visitors. Efforts include maintaining suitable breeding grounds for species like the European green toad and ensuring minimal disturbance to their habitats.

What plant species are uniquely adapted to the volcanic soils of Vesuvius National Park?

Vesuvius National Park is home to plants uniquely adapted to its volcanic soils, such as the Vesuvian Pine, globe centaury, Artemisia caerulescens, common thyme, and orchids like the Elder-flowered orchid. These species thrive in nutrient-poor, rocky environments, showcasing their resilience and contributing to the park's rich biodiversity.

Do the animals at Vesuvius National Park exhibit any unique behaviors or adaptations due to the volcanic environment?

While specific behavioral adaptations haven't been extensively documented, animals exhibit behaviors that help them cope with the dynamic volcanic landscape. This might include seasonal movements in response to environmental changes or breeding behaviors timed with volcanic ash fertilization.

Are there any ongoing research projects focused on studying the wildlife of Vesuvius National Park?

Yes, ongoing research projects include studies on population dynamics, habitat preferences, genetic diversity, and responses to environmental changes. Researchers collaborate with local authorities and conservation organizations to gather data crucial for effective management and conservation strategies.