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Pompeii | The ancient city preserved in ash

Pompeii, the ancient city frozen in time by Mount Vesuvius 

Once Pompeii thrived as a lively Roman city in southern Italy’s Campania region, near the sparkling Bay of Naples. Its streets buzzed with activity from over 40 bakeries, 130 bars, and bustling public baths, while its residents enjoyed great views of the towering Mount Vesuvius.

Then, in 79 AD, the volcano erupted with a thunderous roar, and the city was buried under volcanic debris. Today, as you explore Pompeii’s ancient streets, you step into a beautifully preserved snapshot of a city suddenly silenced by nature’s fury.

How to enter Pompeii?

To enter Pompeii, visitors can choose from three main entrances: Porta Marina Superiore, Piazza Esedra (Porta Marina Inferiore), and Porta Anfiteatro. The most popular and frequently used is Porta Marina Superiore, which is located close to the Pompeii Scavi train station and offers convenient access for most visitors. You can club your visit to Pompeii with other attractions like Vesuvius and Herculaneum, but you will need separate tickets for all.

Things to know before you buy Pompeii

  • Standard tickets for Pompeii can be purchased online or at the entrance, but buying in advance online is highly recommended. This helps you avoid long queues and ensures entry, especially during peak tourist seasons.
  • To save time, opt for skip-the-line tickets, which can significantly reduce waiting times during busy periods.
  • Consider booking a guided tour to gain in-depth knowledge about Pompeii’s history, architecture, and daily life. Expert guides provide valuable context and can enhance your overall experience. If you prefer to explore on your own, equip yourself with an audio guide and a map to navigate the ruins effectively.
  • For a comprehensive view of the region’s history, consider booking a combo tour that includes Pompeii, Mount Vesuvius, and/or Herculaneum. These options are often more cost-effective than purchasing individual tickets for each site.
  • If planning to visit both Pompeii and Vesuvius, a day trip that includes transportation between the two sites can offer added convenience.
  • Pompeii is an extensive archaeological site with uneven terrain. Special routes and assistance are available for visitors with mobility issues. Be sure to inform the help desk upon arrival to receive the necessary support.

Pompeii in a nutshell

pompeii
  • Size and scope: Pompeii spans about 163 acres (66 hectares) and housed 20,000 to 25,000 people, featuring a complex grid of streets and buildings.
  • Destruction: The city was buried under ash and pumice by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, which led to the immediate death of its inhabitants and preserved the city in time.
  • Discovery: Rediscovered in 1748 during canal excavation work, Pompeii's excavation revealed its remarkably well-preserved ruins and provided insights into Roman life.
  • Design and layout: The city features a grid-like street pattern with major roads, public spaces like the Forum, and various structures including homes, baths, and temples, reflecting Roman urban planning.
All you need to know about Pompeii

Unveiling Pompeii’s ancient marvels

The Temple of Isis

The Temple of Isis

This ancient Egyptian temple reflects the popularity of Egyptian deities in Pompeii. Dedicated to the goddess Isis, it features intricate decorations and artifacts related to her worship, showcasing the city’s religious diversity.

Temple of Apollo

Temple of Apollo

Located in the Forum, this temple is one of Pompeii’s oldest and most important religious sites. It was dedicated to Apollo, the Greek god of prophecy and healing, and is notable for its impressive columns and statues.

Group exploring ancient Pompeii ruins with guide, highlighting unique architecture and historical landmarks in Naples, Italy.

Villa of the Mysteries

Renowned for its well-preserved frescoes, this villa is famous for its elaborate and enigmatic murals depicting initiation rites and mystery cults. The artwork provides a vivid glimpse into ancient Roman religious practices.

Pompeii Spectacula

Pompeii Spectacula

This term refers to the various entertainment venues in Pompeii, including the amphitheater and the theater. These spaces were used for gladiatorial games, theatrical performances, and public spectacles, reflecting the city’s cultural life.

Lupanare

Lupanare

Pompeii’s most famous brothel, the Lupanare offers a glimpse into the city’s social life and attitudes towards sex. Its walls are adorned with erotic frescoes, and the rooms are arranged with small beds, revealing how the establishment functioned.

Know more about Pompeii brothels
House of the Vettii

House of the Vettii

A luxurious residence known for its richly decorated rooms and exquisite frescoes, including mythological and everyday scenes. The house belonged to two wealthy freedmen and demonstrates the opulence of Pompeii’s elite.

Stabian Baths

Stabian Baths

These public baths are among the oldest and largest in Pompeii, showcasing the Roman approach to hygiene and leisure. The complex includes hot and cold rooms, a gymnasium, and well preserved mosaics.

Know more about Pompeii baths
House of the Faun

House of the Faun

One of Pompeii’s grandest houses, known for its size and elaborate decorations, including the famous mosaic of the Battle of Alexander. The house features a large atrium and peristyle garden, reflecting the wealth and taste of its original owners.

History of Pompeii in a nutshell

history

Foundation and Roman rule

Founded by the Opics in the 7th century BC, Pompeii thrived on fertile volcanic soil and was influenced by Greek and Etruscan cultures. The Samnites took control in the late 5th century BC, and the Romans conquered Pompeii in 89 BC, making it a Roman colony in 80 BC. Under Roman rule, the city prospered with significant improvements to its buildings and infrastructure.

Catastrophic eruption and rediscovery

On August 24, 79 AD, Mount Vesuvius erupted, burying Pompeii in volcanic ash. The city remained lost until its rediscovery in the 18th century, with excavations starting in 1748. In 1863, plaster casts of the victims revealed their final moments.

20th Century developments

Pompeii suffered damage during World War II bombings in 1943. The 20th century saw key discoveries, including extensive excavations by Amedeo Maiuri in 1951, and notable cultural events like Pink Floyd’s performances in 1971 and 2016.

Detailed history of Pompeii

Frequently asked questions about Pompeii

What do Pompeii ruins tickets include?

A standard Pompeii ticket grants access to the ancient city of Pompeii, allowing you to explore the ruins at your own pace. Depending on your ticket type, you may also receive additional perks such as return transfers from Naples or guided tours.

I'm not a big fan of crowds. What ticket should I purchase if I want to explore in big groups but also gain a deeper understanding of what I'm seeing?

If you prefer to explore Pompeii solo but want deeper insights, consider an audio guide. It allows you to navigate at your own pace while providing detailed information. Skip-the-line tickets are also helpful to avoid long queues and make the most of your visit. Small group tours offer a more personalized experience with fewer people, combining expert guidance with flexibility.

How many people are in a small group tour of Pompeii?

The small group tour of Pompeii accommodates up to 20 guests.

How big is Pompeii?

Pompeii covers approximately 66 hectares (163 acres), making it one of the largest and most well-preserved ancient cities.

How long does it take to visit Pompeii?

A visit to Pompeii usually takes around 2 to 4 hours. However, to explore the site more thoroughly, you might need 5 to 6 hours.

Can I see Mount Vesuvius from Pompeii?

Yes, Mount Vesuvius is visible from various points within Pompeii. It provides a dramatic backdrop to the ruins and a reminder of the eruption that buried the city.

Is Pompeii accessible for visitors with disabilities?

Pompeii is partially accessible for visitors with disabilities. While many paths and main areas are wheelchair-friendly, some parts of the site, with uneven surfaces and steps, can be challenging.

What's there for kids to enjoy during their visit?

Kids can enjoy exploring Pompeii's well-preserved streets, houses, and ancient artifacts. The site offers a sense of adventure and history, and educational aspects like frescoes and mosaics can be fascinating for younger visitors.

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